{"id":48024,"date":"2025-12-07T12:24:02","date_gmt":"2025-12-07T09:24:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/?post_type=articles&p=48024"},"modified":"2026-01-17T20:57:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-17T17:57:45","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%a8-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%ad%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-48024\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646"},"content":{"rendered":"

.<\/span><\/p>\n

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1- \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong>:<\/span> \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 (\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629.
\n2- \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639<\/strong>:<\/span> \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646).<\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u00ab\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627\u00bb \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0642.\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0646\u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 “\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 IGI<\/a>” \u200f\u200f\u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u200f\u200f\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u200f\u200f\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f\u200f\u200f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644”[i<\/span>]<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 (\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0634\u0638\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u062d\u0648 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (Room 55).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\n<\/span>Plate 1: IGI Tablet I \u2013 Manuscript NA \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200fBAM 510\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629:<\/strong><\/span> Source: \u00a0Geller & Panayotov 2020\u060c Mesopotamian Eye Disease Texts\u060c PDF\u00a0 \u0635. 417 (\u200f\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635 CC BY\u2011NC\u2011ND 4.0\u200f).<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 “\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0644\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f2020\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f”<\/span> \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u064f\u062a\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0650\u0644\u0651\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n

2- \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644. \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u2013 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u2013 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u064f\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0632\u062f\u0648\u062c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628 (\u200fas\u00fb\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647: \u0622\u0633\u0648\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f\u200f\u060c\u200f\u200f\u200f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\/ \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0651\u0627\u0621 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0101\u0161ipu\u200f\u200f\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647: \u0622\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0648)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0651\u0650\u0645\/\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0631\u062f \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200fma\u0161ma\u0161\u0161u\u061b \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647: \u0645\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0651\u0648\u200f\u200f).\u200f\u200f<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0628\u200f\u200f \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u200f\u200f \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0633\u0646\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 IGI\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0642\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629\u064b \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629.<\/p>\n

3- \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u064e\u0645\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629:<\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200fSakikk\u00fb\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f: \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200fB\u012bt M\u0113seri\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f: \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200fUdug-hul, \u00c9N-series\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f: \u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627:<\/span><\/p>\n

1- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 IGI \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f \u2013 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644<\/span>.
\n2- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 UGU \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f.
\n3- \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0160\u00c0 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0651\u064e\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0651\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627 (\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/p>\n

4- \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 IGI \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0651\u064d \u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00ab\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0647\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u00bb\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064f\u0633\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0632\u064d \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629”.
\n– \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0635\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0644\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0651\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

5- \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0651\u064e\u0646. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646…\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00ab\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631\u00bb \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0637\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0643\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631\u064d \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0640:<\/span><\/p>\n

– \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627.
\n– \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0651\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a.
\n– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064d \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064d \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064d \u0633\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0633\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 IGI \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a:<\/span> mmr@arsco.org<\/a><\/p>\n

.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 (BAM 10) \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u060c <\/strong>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629
\n<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

_______________________________________<\/span><\/p>\n


\n[i<\/span>]\u00a0 \u062a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0622\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0644<\/span>” \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0646\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0649 (\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0643 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644). \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0634\u0638\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u062d\u0648 30 \u0623\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a (\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646)\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 (Room 55).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":48029,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"tags":[15550,6883,9483,15549,15615,15551],"class_list":["post-48024","articles","type-articles","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-15550","tag-tag-1134","tag-tag-3734","tag-15549","tag-15615","tag-15551"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 - ARSCO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-48024\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 - ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\". \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629. \u0648\u0633\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u064e \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u200f\u200f(\u200f\u200f\u0637\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u200f\u200f)\u200f\u200f\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637\u0627\u062a\u064d \u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0644\u0627 […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-48024\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-01-17T17:57:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Articles-Detail.jpg\" \/><meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/Articles-Home.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"570\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-48024\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-48024\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064a\u0646 - 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