{"id":44215,"date":"2024-10-19T20:18:36","date_gmt":"2024-10-19T17:18:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/?post_type=articles&#038;p=44215"},"modified":"2025-07-28T13:55:28","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T10:55:28","slug":"%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%aa%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d9%81%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\">\u064a\u064e\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0645\u064f\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u064e\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u064f\u0630\u0647\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 8.1 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u062d\u06486.1 % \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0646\u062d\u0648 99 % \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 8 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 700 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0641\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 9 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0644 10 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0647\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064e\u0632\u064a\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 70 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064e\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u064d \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0632\u062f\u062d\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064e\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 (\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2020\u00a0 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 (80 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627) \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 (31 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0649). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u064a\u064e\u062d\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642 &#8220;\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a&#8221; \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 8% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u064f\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0633 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a) \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u064e\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0650 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 (\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0641\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (Fine particulate matter). \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 100 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631<\/strong> \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u064f\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0649 11% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0649 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0634\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><span style=\"color: #008080;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0648\u064a\u064f\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064e\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u064d \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u064e\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u064e\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u062e\u0644\u064d \u0643\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u062c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u00a0 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064e\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2021 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 1.4% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: left;\">&#8211; Centre for Nature and Climate, Air pollution is a silent killer. Here&#8217;s how cities are tackling it.<br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.who.int\/health-topics\/air-pollution#tab=tab_2\">www.who.int\/health-topics\/air-pollution#tab=tab_2<\/a><br \/>\n&#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.niehs.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/agents\/air-pollution\">www.niehs.nih.gov\/health\/topics\/agents\/air-pollution<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"rtl\" style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"color: #ff9900;\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628:<\/span> <a href=\"mailto:assem20000@yahoo.com\">assem20000@yahoo.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"tags":[6202,6206,8886,8505],"class_list":["post-44215","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","tag-tag-453","tag-tag-457","tag-tag-3137","tag-tag-2756"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-28T10:55:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/trees-5605176_1280-Copy.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-44215\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-44215\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2024-10-19T17:18:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-28T10:55:28+00:00\",\"description\":\"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-44215\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-44215\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-44215\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"ARSCO\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO","description":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO","og_description":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.","og_url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/","og_site_name":"ARSCO","article_modified_time":"2025-07-28T10:55:28+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/trees-5605176_1280-Copy.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"5 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/","url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/","name":"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a - ARSCO","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/#website"},"datePublished":"2024-10-19T17:18:36+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-28T10:55:28+00:00","description":"\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621: \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-44215\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/","name":"ARSCO","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/44215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articles"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44215"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}