{"id":15757,"date":"2020-05-21T03:05:01","date_gmt":"2020-05-21T03:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/articles\/article-detail-1639\/"},"modified":"2020-05-21T03:05:01","modified_gmt":"2020-05-21T03:05:01","slug":"article-detail-1639","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15757\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 (Surgery)<\/span> \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (Genetics)<\/span>\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0651\u064e \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064f\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0636\u0650\u062f\u0651\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b\u064f \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u0629 (\u0643\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0626\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645) \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0643\u064a)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644-\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u0652\u0639\u064f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u064e \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u064f\u0643\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c\u064e \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0640 "\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a<\/strong>"<\/span> (Genetic surgery)<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u064f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012<\/span> \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0650\u0645\u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0646\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062b\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0644\u0635\u0642 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a <\/strong>(DNA)<\/span><\/strong> \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a <\/strong>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0631-\u0643\u0627\u0633 9 (CRISPR-Cas 9)<\/span> (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 1)<\/a>. <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0631- \u0643\u0627\u0633 9 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 Streptococcus Pyogenes<\/span> \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0635\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0631 (CRISPR)<\/span> (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u062b\u0651\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629). \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0645\u0636\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0633 9 (Cas 9)<\/span> \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 2)<\/a>.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 3)<\/a>:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/li>\n
  2. \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  3. \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u064f\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  4. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  5. \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.
    \n\t <\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0645 4)<\/a>.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Jinek M, Chylinski K, Fonfara I, Hauer M, Doudna JA, Charpentier E. <\/span>A programmable dual-RNA-guided DNA endonuclease in adaptive bacterial immunity<\/a><\/span>. Science<\/em>. 2012 Aug 17;337(6096):816-21. PMID: 22745249 PMCID: PMC6286148 DOI: 10.1126\/science.1225829<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. Anaïs Le Rhun, Andrés Escalera-Maurer, Majda Bratovi\u010d, Emmanuelle Charpentier. <\/span>CRISPR-Cas in Streptococcus Pyogenes<\/a><\/span>. RNA Biol<\/em>. Apr;16(4):380-389. PMID: 30856357 PMCID: PMC6546361 DOI: 10.1080\/15476286.2019.1582974.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. Patrick D Hsu, Eric S Lander, Feng Zhang. <\/span>Development and Applications of CRISPR-Cas9 for Genome Engineering<\/a><\/span>. Cell. Jun 5;157(6):1262-78. PMID: 24906146 PMCID: PMC4343198 DOI: 10.1016\/j.cell.2014.05.010.<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Carolyn Brokowski, Mazhar Adli. <\/span>CRISPR Ethics: Moral Considerations for Applications of a Powerful Tool<\/a><\/span>. J Mol Biol. Jan 4;431(1):88-101. PMID: 29885329 PMCID: PMC6286228 DOI: 10.1016\/j.jmb.2018.05.044.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

       <\/p>\n

      \n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628:<\/span> hasan.asfour@uvsq.fr<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":821,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"tags":[13473,13472],"class_list":["post-15757","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","tag---9","tag-13472"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a - ARSCO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15757\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u062c\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a - 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