{"id":15623,"date":"2019-09-16T00:09:02","date_gmt":"2019-09-16T00:09:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/articles\/article-detail-1477\/"},"modified":"2019-09-16T00:09:02","modified_gmt":"2019-09-16T00:09:02","slug":"article-detail-1477","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#008080;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 <span dir=\"LTR\">O<sub>3<\/sub><\/span>. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10-15 \u0643\u0645) \u0648<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 <\/strong>(\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 50 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631). \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10 <span dir=\"LTR\">%<\/span> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 90 <span dir=\"LTR\">%<\/span>) \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &quot;\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646&quot;. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1985\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627 &#8211; \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627. \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062f\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">.(CFCs)&nbsp; <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 21% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\"> (O<sub>2<\/sub>) <\/span>\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0630\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\">(O<sub>3<\/sub>) <\/span>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631. \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\"> (NO<sub>x<\/sub>) <\/span>\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\"> (CO) <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\"> (VOCs) <\/span>\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633. \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648<span dir=\"LTR\">\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" height=\"328\" src=\"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg\" style=\"margin: 5px; float: left;\" width=\"435\" \/>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\"> (UV-B<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">\u202a<\/span><span dir=\"LTR\">,C) <\/span>(\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0661). \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span> \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0649 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631) \u064a\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0632&quot;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 <img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/2160919120610.jpg\" style=\"margin: 6px 5px; float: left; width: 435px; height: 328px;\" \/>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a<span dir=\"LTR\">. <\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0645. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0648\u0645\u064a<span dir=\"LTR\"> OMI <\/span>\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0662) \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a.&nbsp; \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631. \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f&quot; \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\">(ODS) <\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646<span dir=\"LTR\">(CFCs) <\/span>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<span dir=\"LTR\"> (HCFCs) <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 &quot;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f&quot;. \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 &ldquo;\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f&quot;. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u0642 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bL8YHQ20UbQ\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648<\/a> \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644).<\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0636\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1987. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0641\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2050<span dir=\"LTR\">.<\/span><br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bL8YHQ20UbQ\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\u00d9\u0086\u00d8\u00aa\u00d9\u008a\u00d8\u00ac\u00d8\u00a9 \u00d8\u00a8\u00d8\u00ad\u00d8\u00ab \u00d8\u00a7\u00d9\u0084\u00d8\u00b5\u00d9\u0088\u00d8\u00b1 \u00d8\u00b9\u00d9\u0086 \u00e2\u0080\u00aayoutube icon\u00e2\u0080\u00ac\u00e2\u0080\u008f\" height=\"33\" src=\"https:\/\/www.seaicons.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/03\/youtube-icon-17.png\" width=\"33\" \/><\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=bL8YHQ20UbQ\">\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0663\u0660 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b &ndash; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627<\/a><\/p>\n<p dir=\"RTL\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/span><\/p>\n<ul dir=\"ltr\">\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">WMO (World Meteorological Organization),&nbsp;Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2018, World Meteorological Organization, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project-Report No. 58, 590 pp., Geneva, Switzerland, 2018.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">WMO (World Meteorological Organization),&nbsp;Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion: 2014, World Meteorological Organization, Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project-Report No. 55, 416 pp., Geneva, Switzerland, 2014.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Liu, X., P. K. Bhartia, K. Chance, R. J. D. Spurr, T. P. Kurosu, Ozone profile retrievals from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 10, 2521-2537, 2010.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">NASA&#39;s Goddard Space Flight Center<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p dir=\"ltr\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color:#d89e30;\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628: <\/span><a href=\"mailto:rsuleiman@cfa.harvard.edu\">rsuleiman@cfa.harvard.edu |<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/scholar.harvard.edu\/sraid\">https:\/\/scholar.harvard.edu\/sraid<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":977,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"tags":[11158,13278,9547],"class_list":["post-15623","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","tag-11158","tag-13278","tag-tag-3798"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 O3. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10-15 \u0643\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ARSCO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ArticlesDetail150919023356160919120902-1.jpg\" \/><meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/EditorImages\\\/NewImages\\\/1160919120520.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-09-16T00:09:02+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/EditorImages\\\/NewImages\\\/1160919120520.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/EditorImages\\\/NewImages\\\/1160919120520.jpg\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/articles\\\/article-detail-15623\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/\",\"name\":\"ARSCO\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/arsco.org\\\/en\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO","og_description":"\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646\u061f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a. \u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632 O3. \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 (\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 10-15 \u0643\u0645) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631 [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/","og_site_name":"ARSCO","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/04\/ArticlesDetail150919023356160919120902-1.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""},{"url":"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/","url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/","name":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a - ARSCO","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg","datePublished":"2019-09-16T00:09:02+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg","contentUrl":"http:\/\/arsco.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EditorImages\/NewImages\/1160919120520.jpg"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15623\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/#website","url":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/","name":"ARSCO","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles\/15623","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/articles"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/articles"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15623"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15623"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15623"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}