{"id":15418,"date":"2018-07-09T16:24:41","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T16:24:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/articles\/article-detail-1163\/"},"modified":"2018-07-09T16:24:41","modified_gmt":"2018-07-09T16:24:41","slug":"article-detail-1163","status":"publish","type":"articles","link":"https:\/\/arsco.org\/en\/articles\/article-detail-15418\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0646\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 (Biological control)\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0646\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627  Bacillus thuringiensis<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bacillus thuringiensis \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Crystals proteins) \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0621. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a Bt \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 200 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n

\"\"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629.<\/li>\n
  2. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644.<\/li>\n
  3. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645.<\/li>\n
  4. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062a.
    \nBt kurstaki (Bt-k)<\/span>
    \n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0645 (Tent caterpillars)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 (Gypsy moth)\u060c \u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 (Tomato hornworm) \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u063a\u0630\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.  \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt-k \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u061b \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt-k \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n

    Bt (Bt-i)<\/span>\"\"
    \n\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631. \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt-i \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0644 95-100% \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 24 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u063a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636
    \nBt san diego (Bt-sd)  & Bt tenebrionis (Bt-t)<\/span>
    \n\u0633\u062c\u0651\u0644\u062a \u062e\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648 (Colorado potato beetle) \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt-sd \u0648 Bt-t \u0646\u062c\u062d\u062a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0631 (Elm leaf  beetle)\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0637\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0630\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645.  \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0631\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \"\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0629<\/span>
    \n•    \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (USEPA) \u0623\u064a \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt.
    \n•    \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643.
    \n•    \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647.
    \n•    \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u0623\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0637\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0627\u062a.
    \n•    \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 Bt \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0623.\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629: <\/span><\/span>elmanama_144@yahoo.com<\/span><\/a>
    \n\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629: <\/span>    rawaaan10001@gmail.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"menu_order":1006,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"tags":[12849,12846,12850,12851,12847,12848,12845],"class_list":["post-15418","articles","type-articles","status-publish","hentry","tag-12849","tag-12846","tag-12850","tag-12851","tag-12847","tag-12848","tag-12845"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b - 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