ظافر عبيد ابراهيم
1130366113
قم بالرد
ايمن عبدالحميد
هل لكل منصه كتب خاصة بها
قم بالرد
مصطفى اسماعيل
استلال
قم بالرد
Naseef
عايز اتاقد من البحث
قم بالرد
Types of wound
Open wound: mean interrupted in skin continuity .Open wounds can be classified according to the object that caused the wound: Incisions or incised wounds – caused by a clean, sharp-edged object such as a knife, razor, or glass splinter. Lacerations – irregular tear-like wounds caused by some blunt trauma.Lacerations and incisions may appear linear (regular) or stellate (irregular).The term laceration is commonly misused in reference to incisions. (American Academy , Jones& Bartlett , 2011).Abrasions (grazes) – superficial wounds in which the topmost layer of the skin (the epidermis) is scraped off.Abrasions are often caused by a sliding fall onto a rough surface , tree bark or concrete.Avulsions – injuries in which a body structure is forcibly detached from its normal point of insertion. A type amputation where the extremity is pulled off rather than cut off. When used in reference to skin avulsions, the term 'degloving' is also sometimes used as a synonym.Puncture wounds – caused by an object puncturing the skin, such as a splinter, nail or needle.Penetration wounds – caused by an object such as a knife entering and coming out from the skin.Gunshot wounds – caused by a bullet or similar projectile driving into or through the body. There may be two wounds, one at the site of entry and one at the site of exit, generally referred to as a "through-and-through." Closed wound: skin continuity is intact ,have fewer categories,but are just as dangerous as open wounds:Hematomas (or blood tumor) –caused by damage to a blood vessel that in turn causes blood to collect under the skin.Hematomas that originate from internal blood vessel pathology are petechiae, purpura, and ecchymosis. The different classifications are based on size.Hematomas that originate from an external source of trauma are contusions, also commonly called bruises.Crush injury – caused by a great or extreme amount of force applied over a long period of time) UK scientists,2008).
قم بالرد
محسن قنديل
استفسار عن تكرار بحث علمي
قم بالرد
زمرد محمد
Epistaxis Epistaxis : is the nosebleed Because the nasal mucosa is one of the mucous membranes rich in blood vessels, so it tends to bleed.It is divided into two types 1-anterior bleed 2-posterior bleed anterior bleed:it occurs at the front of the nose at a central point called(kiesselbachś area)this type is more prevalent and easy to treat .(younger patient) posterior bleed:it occurs in the back of the nose more significant this type less widespread and more difficult to treat.(older patient). The nose has a rich supply of blood vessels with good contribution from both external and internal carotid systems. The general rule of the thumb is that the area of nasal cavity below the level of middle turbinate has rich blood supply from the external carotid system; where as the area above the middle turbinate receives extensive supply from the internal carotid artery. Anastomosis occurs between the external and internal carotid system throughout the nasal cavity. One of the most important causes that lead to the epistaxis: 1-take drugs that may cause blood clots(such as:Aspirin) 2-causes of hypertension high blood pressure. 3-where there are benign or malignant cancerous tumors . 4-Blood diseases . 5-Infectious diseases caused by viruses or bacteria that cause itchiness of the mucous membrane and thus bleeding. Symptoms:- 1-Blood coming out of the nostrils 2-Blood coming out of the lacrimal ducts (Shedding tears of blood) (remember that the nose lacrimal duct drains in to the inferior meatus of the nose) 3-Blood coming out of the mouth (vomiting) 4-Blood coming out of the anus(with stool)very rare (dark blood because it has passed by the stomach acid):- A-blood is cathartic _____ diarrhea B-rule of the thumb :- blood is cathartic whereas iron is constipating. 1-What's the next best step in management? . a. reassurance • b. report to the CPS for suspicion of Munchausen syndrome by proxy • C. order a chloride sweat test. • d. surgically remove the polyps. • e. order a chromosomal analysis to check for trisomy 21 • f. prescribe antihistamines, decongestants and nasal phenylephrine spray. • Most commonly occurs in anterior segment of nostril (Kiesselbach plexus)... 1 Child -> picking his nose -> bleeding from anterior septum –> local pressure and phenylephrine spray will save the day. [+anterior packing if severe] 2 Youth/young adult –> cocaine (will perforate the nasal septum) –> posterior packing “mnemonic: cocaine comes in packages, so you should pack the nose" 3, Youth/young adult –> jeuvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma –> surgical resection is a MUST “mnemonic: oma means mass, and you should remove it" • eventhough angiofibroma is a benign tumor (not cancer), it eats and erodes the surrounding structure. • [like Pannus in Rheumatoid] • [like the gumma in syphilis] • like the tuberculoma in tuberculosis] 4. Eldery hypertensive –> huge amount of bleeding [life thretening] –> BP contolling , posterior packing and vessel ligation • Hemorrhages that are life-threatening occur in the posterior segment (sphenopalatine artery, a branch of maxillary artery). • Common causes include foreign body, trauma, allergic rhinitis, and nasal angiofibromas males). mmon in adolescent
قم بالرد
مياده هادي
اريد ان استل بحثي
قم بالرد
Zozo
السلام عليكم لو سمحت لو بعرف اذا البحث فيه سرقة علميه كيف ؟
قم بالرد
أيام منصور حسين
كيف يمكن تقليل نسبه الاستلال ٢٩ ضهر لدي
شيري
اذا كانت نسبة الاقتباس ف رساله دكتوراه ٢٠% ولكن بدون والاستشهادات من العمل الأدبي.. هل النسبة مفترض تقل عن هذه النسبة لانها سوف تزيد اذا أضاف عليها الاستشهادات
قم بالرد